REBUTTALS TO JUDGE SMALL
Plaintiff files this surplus document as an Exhibit in further support of her Rebuttal to Judge Small’s Order striking Plaintiff’s Statement of Disqualification. Through this document, Plaintiff seeks to debunk all the statements of the Judge. Plaintiff states as follows:
- Judge Small’s Order Striking Second Statement of Disqualification
JUDGE SMALL’S STATEMENTS | PLAINTIFF’S REBUTTALS |
Seven days after this court struck plaintiff’s first statement of disqualification for cause (“First Statement”), Plaintiff Esther Atam filed a second, repetitive motion to disqualify the assigned judge (“second Statement). | Plaintiff asserts that nothing precluded her from filing her second Statement.
Besides, the judge already stands disqualified for filing the order striking the second statement late. It is a requirement for the judge to strike the statement within the 10-day period prescribed in section 170.3, subdivision (c)(3) for filing an answer. Thereafter, the judge is deemed disqualified and has no power to act in the case. Lewis v. Superior Court (1988) 198 Cal.App.3d 1101, 1104 [ 244 Cal.Rptr. 328]. Plaintiff sent her second statement on May 3, 2023. The judge was therefore mandated to file the order striking the statement by May 13, 2023. However, the judge issued the order on May 22, 2023. Accordingly, the judge is deemed disqualified, and has no jurisdiction over this case. |
For the reasons discusses here in, the court strikes the Second Statement pursuant to code of civil procedure section 170.4, subdivision c (3) and vacates the May 24, 203 hearing on Plaintiff’s motion to disqualify. | Under section 170.3, subdivision (c)(1), the statement must be filed at the “earliest practicable opportunity” after discovery of the facts constituting the grounds for disqualification. Thereafter, the challenged judge may consent or file an answer within 10 days of the filing or service, whichever is later. The question of his disqualification must be determined by another judge agreed on by the parties or, if they are unable to agree, by a judge selected by the chairperson of the Judicial Council. (§ 170.3, subd. (c)(5).) The judge deciding the question may decide it on the basis of the statement of disqualification and the answer or he may set the matter for hearing. (§ 170.3, subd. (c)(6).)
Here, first, it was pertinent to file the second statement. The second statement was filed because, per 170.6, judge did not need to file a verified answer but he did, and his response (see verified answer) warranted a second statement of disqualification. In the verified answer, judge Small clearly stated, that Plaintiff’s new case is subject to civil code of procedure for vexatious litigant, even though it was filed prior to being named a vexatious litigant and a minute order issued on 04/11/2023, clearly noted that, Plaintiff’s status as a vexatious litigant will be addressed for continued litigation. This ground itself amounted to additional facts that warranted the second statement of disqualification. Next, the Judge’s order is null and void because it was filed beyond the ten days prescribed by the statute. Lastly, the second statement should have been determined by a different judge as opposed to Judge Small. The foresaid statute clearly provides that a separate judge should determine the matter, at the stage where it is at the moment. It follows; the mere reason that Judge Small still handles this matter is sufficient ground to overturn the Judge’s order. |
Relevant procedure history – Judgment entered against plaintiff
On September 19, 2022, the Honorable Steven J. Kleified judgement entered in favor of defendant in this action. Notice of the entry of judgement was filed on September 21, 2022. Thus, this case has concluded and the deadline to appeal has expired. |
Plaintiff disputes the alleged dismissal of the case. It beats logic why a case may be deemed dismissed, yet the court docket shows future hearings. In the instant case, after the September 19th decision, the Court went ahead to consider not only Plaintiff’s applications, but also Defendant’s applications, and proceeded to docket hearings for the issues arising thereof. It follows; the said dismissal of the case does not make sense.
Next, Judge Small vacated and consolidated the proceedings in Plaintiff’s new case (22STCV37929), which is still pending. Interestingly, Judge Small has made himself the lead judge in the case. It is notable that the new case is not disposed and it was filed prior to being named a vexatious litigant. The judge’s actions are evidently replete with bad faith, and ulterior motive to harass Plaintiff, and to obstruct her access to justice. |
After judgement was entered, Plaintiff continued to file numerous pleadings, such that on December 22, 2022, Judge Kleifield entered a prefiling orders order declaring Plaintiff a vexatious litigant. Judge Kleifield’s last day on the bench was January 20, 2023, and on February 8, 2023, the undersigned assumed his caseload, including this case. Since this matter was reassigned, Plaintiff has continued to file pleadings including two recent motions to disqualify undersigned. | Plaintiff won’t stop emphasizing how she never met the threshold for a vexatious litigant. The California legislature adopted the Vexatious Litigant Statute in 1963 to ease the “unreasonable burden placed upon the courts by groundless litigation.” Wolfgram v. Wells Fargo Bank, 53 Cal.App.4th 43, 61 Cal.Rptr.2d 694, 698 (1997). It would be absurd for the Court to hold that Plaintiff has presented groundless litigation, yet the Court itself has denied determining Plaintiff’s case on its merits. Since the inception of all of Plaintiff’s cases, the Court has never considered the allegations in the Complaints. The Court has only concentrated on procedural issues.
Further, Plaintiff had filed a motion to take judicial notice that was on docket for 09/22/2022. A case management hearing was also on the docket for 09/29/2022. But on 09/19/2022, Judge Kleifield vacated CM hearing for 09/29/2022 and hearing to take judicial notice set for 09/22/2022. The pending motion to file the first amended complaint was also vacated. Then, an ex-parte hearing was filed for Nov 3, 2022. Plaintiff filed a continuance to that hearing due to severe chest pains from trauma caused by defendant, requiring leave to be evaluated by emergency room physician. The hearing to deem Plaintiff vexatious was moved to December 9, 2022, at which time it was granted. |
First statement of Disqualification
On March 27, 2023, Plaintiff filed the first Statement, accompanied by an affidavit by Plaintiff. On April 6, 2023, Plaintiff filed an updated affidavit. The First Statement was not personally served. |
The first motion was a peremptory challenge which was denied as untimely and did not need to be personally served. |
On April 26, 2023, this Court issued a written order striking the First Statement because it was untimely and did not state legal grounds for disqualification. In the strike order, Plaintiff was advised that determination of the question of the disqualification is not an appealable order and may be reviewed only by a writ of mandate from court of Appeal sought within 10 days of notice to the parties of the decision. (Code Civ. Proc., &170.3, subd (d). Plaintiff did not seek review by the court of Appeal. | If a judge refuses to recuse himself or herself, “the question of disqualification shall be heard and determined by another judge agreed upon by all the parties who have appeared or, in the event they are unable to agree within five days of notification of the judge’s answer, by a judge selected by the chairperson of the Judicial Council…” See § 170.3, subd. (c)(5).
The mere fact that Judge Small presided over the matter of his dismissal, where he was, by statute, obligated to allow a different judge preside, speaks to the validity of the written order. |
Second statement of Disqualification
On May 3, 2023, just seven days after this Court struck the First Statement, Plaintiff served and filed a second statement. The second statement is repetitive of the First Statement in that it relies on the same untimely claims, cites disagreement with the same court rulings, and repeats the same opinions and conclusions about the assigned judge, the previously assigned judge, other judicial officers and Plaintiff’s prior counsel. |
The second statement is not repetitive. Under section 170.3, subdivision (c)(1), the statement must be filed at the “earliest practicable opportunity” after discovery of the facts constituting the grounds for disqualification.
Here, the judge made rulings in Plaintiffs new case, pursuant to civ code of procedures for vexatious litigant. It is notable that the said case was filed before Plaintiff was deemed vexatious. The foregoing therefore amounts to a discovery of facts that justify the second statement. Plaintiff has submitted evidence that demonstrated fraud and per the civ codes for procedure that describe a vexatious litigant, Plaintiff clearly does not fall in that category. |
As the second statement is repetitive of the claims raised in the First Statement, it is stricken on that basis (Code Civ. Proc., $ 170.4, subd © (3).) Additionally, to the extent the Second Statement is based on events that occurred many months ago, it is stricken as untimely. (Code Civ. Proc., & 170.4, subd. (b).). Finally, as the allegations raised in the Second Statement do not state legal grounds for disqualification, the Second Statement is stricken pursuant to Civ Procedure Section 170.4, subdivision (b). | Judge Small contradicts himself. In the hearing to dismiss the case on 05/09/2023, Judge Small was not able to dismiss the case pursuant to Civ. Proc. & 391 (b). – because this did not apply to Plaintiff. Civ. Proc. & 391 (b) provides in pertinent part that: “[i]f, after hearing evidence on the motion, the court determines that the litigation has no merit and has been filed for the purposes of harassment or delay, the court shall order the litigation dismissed. This subdivision shall only apply to litigation filed in a court of this state by a vexatious litigant subject to a prefiling order pursuant to Section 391.7 who was represented by counsel at the time the litigation was filed and who became in propria persona after the withdrawal of his or her attorney.
Instead, he grants defendants 391 (a), which is contradictory. The said section provides in pertinent part that: indeed, in any litigation pending in any court of this state, at any time until final judgment is entered, a defendant may move the court, upon notice and hearing, for an order requiring the plaintiff to furnish security or for an order dismissing the litigation pursuant to subdivision (b) of Section 391.3. The motion for an order requiring the plaintiff to furnish security shall be based upon the ground, and supported by a showing, that the plaintiff is a vexatious litigant and that there is not a reasonable probability that he or she will prevail in the litigation against the moving defendant. Plaintiff asserts that since the matter has never been decided on its merits since its inception, no determination has been sufficiently made to satisfy the allegation that Plaintiff has no reasonable probability that she will prevail in the case. |
A party Cannot Submit Repetitive Statements of Disqualification
A party may file no more than one statement of disqualification unless facts suggesting new grounds for disqualification are first learned of or arise after the first statement was filed. (Code Civ. Proc., § 170.4, subd. (c)(3).) |
The second statement is not repetitive. Under section 170.3, subdivision (c)(1), the statement must be filed at the “earliest practicable opportunity” after discovery of the facts constituting the grounds for disqualification.
Here, the judge made rulings in Plaintiffs new case, pursuant to civ code of procedures for vexatious litigant. It is notable that the said case was filed before Plaintiff was deemed vexatious. The foregoing therefore amounts to a discovery of facts that justify the second statement. Plaintiff has submitted evidence that demonstrated fraud and per the civ codes for procedure that describe a vexatious litigant, Plaintiff clearly does not fall in that category. |
Repetitive statements of disqualification shall be stricken by the judge against whom they are filed. (Id.)
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Plaintiff asserts that she is no precluded from filing additional statements of disqualification. Notably, the law provides no express limit thereof. “Under section 170.3, subdivision (c)(1), the statement must be filed at the “earliest practicable opportunity” after discovery of the facts constituting the grounds for disqualification.” See Urias v. Harris Farms, Inc., 234 Cal.App.3d 415, 422 (Cal. Ct. App. 1991) |
A party is not entitled to keep repeating 7 and renewing complaints that the court has already heard. (People v. Vera (2004) 122 8 Cal.App.4th 970, 980, citing People v. Clark (1992) 3 Cal.4th 41, 104.) | It is the policy of the law to favor a hearing on the merits. Shamblin v. Brattain, 44 Cal.3d 474, 478 (Cal. 1988). Plaintiff asserts that since she filed her cases, at no point has her case ever been decided on its merits. The Defendant, in collusion with the Court, have been opposing Plaintiff’s attempts to prosecute her case. As a result thereof, Plaintiff has been subjected to numerous procedural hurdles that have shifted the Court’s focus from the merits of the case. |
Here, Plaintiff has filed two statements of disqualification repeating the same allegations.
The Court incorporates its April 26, 2023, Order Striking Statement of Disqualification into this Order. As the Second Statement is repetitive of the First Statement, it is stricken on that basis. (Code Civ. Proc., § 170.4, subd. (c)(3).) |
The second statement is not repetitive. Under section 170.3, subdivision (c)(1), the statement must be filed at the “earliest practicable opportunity” after discovery of the facts constituting the grounds for disqualification.
Here, the judge made rulings in Plaintiffs new case, pursuant to civ code of procedures for vexatious litigant. It is notable that the said case was filed before Plaintiff was deemed vexatious. The foregoing therefore amounts to a discovery of facts that justify the second statement. Plaintiff has submitted evidence that demonstrated fraud and per the civ codes for procedure that describe a vexatious litigant, Plaintiff clearly does not fall in that category. |
The second statement of disqualification is untimely
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statement of disqualification had been filed at the “earliest practicable opportunity” and was, therefore, timely. (Id. at pp. 424-425.) |
The Second Statement is based on events occurring between 2021 and March 2023. | The Judge’s statement is irrelevant. The law prescribing grounds for disqualification does not set a time limit for the actions that meet the grounds. It is therefore immaterial for the judge to allege that the statement is based on the said events.
Further, the Judge is lying blatantly. It is disastrous for a judge to misrepresent facts. The judge is aware that the second statement is based on the Court’s insistence on the vexatious litigant issue. This is after the Court dismissed the first statement, and went on to rely on the vexatious litigation argument. Clearly, the second statement is based on matters as recent as the Court’s most recent order. |
A statement of disqualification shall be presented at the earliest practical opportunity after discovery of the facts constituting the grounds for disqualification.” (Code Civ. Proc., § 170.3, subd. (c)(1).)
“The reason for requiring a prompt claim of bias is that a party should not be allowed to play fast and loose with the administration of justice by deliberately refraining from raising any objection, on the chance that he might get a favorable decision, and still be free to urge the objection as grounds for upsetting an unfavorable judgment.” (Kearing v. Superior Court (1955) 45 Cal.2d 440, 446, internal citation omitted.) Here, Plaintiff seeks disqualification based on rulings and hearings that occurred long ago. As the Second Statement was not brought at the earliest practical opportunity, it is stricken as untimely pursuant to Code of Civil Procedure section 170.4, subdivision (b). |
Plaintiff reasserts her arguments above. She emphasizes that the claim for bias was not untimely. Besides, Cal. Code Civ. Proc. § 170.1 et seq, does not expressly set the time limit for the range of activities that form grounds of disqualification. |
The California Supreme Court has held that “a trial court’s numerous rulings against a party – even when erroneous – do not establish a charge of judicial bias, especially when they are subject to review.” (People v. Guerra (2006) 37 Cal.4th 1067, 1112, overruled on other grounds; see also McEwen v. Occidental Life Ins. Co. (1916) 172 Cal. 6, 11 [erroneous rulings, even when numerous and continuous, are not grounds for bias or prejudice, nor are “judges’ expressions of opinion uttered in what he conceives to be the discharge of his judicial duty”].) | “[I]t is not necessary for the party to show that the judge is biased” or “provide any factual basis for their claim.” See CCP 170.6; see also Solberg v. Superior Court (1977) 19 Cal.3d 182. “Upon a litigant’s stated belief that a judge is biased, “the judge loses jurisdiction over the case.” See Id. at 6.
It follows, Plaintiff was only required to point out the slightest incidence of bias, which she did, to sufficiently claim the judge’s disqualification. |
A party’s remedy for an erroneous ruling is not a motion to disqualify, but rather review by appeal or writ. (See Ryan v. Welte (1948) 87 Cal.App.2d 888, 893 [“[A] wrong opinion on the law of a case does not disqualify a judge, nor is it evidence of bias or prejudice”].) Thus, Plaintiff’s disagreement with the Court rulings is insufficient to disqualify a judge. | Plaintiff’s motion to disqualify is not based on motions filed by the Court. The Judge, learned as he is, needs to look at the bigger picture and notice that the motion was based on the judge’s conduct throughout the proceeding of the case. Nowhere in Plaintiff’s motion did she specifically argue that her ground for disqualification was solely based on a particular ruling or motion of the judge. Instead, Plaintiff outlined the facts showing the judge’s blameworthy conduct. |
Plaintiff’s Opinions and Conclusions are Insufficient to Disqualify a Judge
Plaintiff seeks disqualification based on her opinions and conclusions about the assigned judge’s alleged bias. Plaintiff’s opinions and conclusions are insufficient to disqualify a judge. Code of Civil Procedure section 170.3, subdivision (c)(1) requires the disqualification statement to set forth “the facts constituting the grounds” for disqualification of the judge. |
Plaintiff’s grounds for disqualification are not based on mere opinions, conjectures, or conclusions. They are based on provable facts that showed how the Court condoned the fraud committed by the Defendant, and how the Court failed to address the Defendants’ blatant violations of the law. |
Mere conclusions of the pleader are insufficient. (In re Morelli (1970) 11 Cal.App. 3d 819, 843; Urias v. Harris Farms, Inc. (1991) 234 Cal. App.3d 415, 426.) | Plaintiff reasserts the argument made above, that her grounds were not based on mere conclusions. |
A party’s belief as to a judge’s bias and prejudice is irrelevant and not controlling in a motion to disqualify for cause, as the test applied is an objective one. (United Farm Workers of America v. Superior Court (1985) 170 Cal.App.3d 97, 104; Leland Stanford Junior University v. Superior Court (1985) 173 Cal.App.3d 403, 408 [“the litigants’ necessarily partisan views [do] not provide the applicable frame of reference”].) | Plaintiff has adduced pertinent evidence, documenting in detail the prolonged fraud and bad faith in this case, and how the Judge has turned a blind eye to the injustices that are occasioned against Plaintiff in this case. For instance, Plaintiff filed an updated affidavit containing about 68 pages of evidence. Judge Small brushed away said evidence by stating that they are unauthenticated. It is absurd and illogical for the judge to make such averments because Plaintiff has duly served subpoenas to respective parties, who would testify on said evidence and/or facts. Sadly, Judge Small vacated future hearings in which such individuals would testify on the facts in the evidence adduced by Plaintiff.
The foregoing example clearly shows that Plaintiff’s claims against the judge are not merely based on Plaintiff’s opinions and/or belief. A reasonable person will have doubts as to the bias of the judge. |
The facts and circumstances prompting a challenge for cause must be evaluated in the context of the entire proceeding and not based solely upon isolated conduct or remarks. (Flier v. Superior Court (1994) 23 Cal. App.4th 165, 171-172.) Thus, Plaintiff’s opinions and conclusions are insufficient for judicial disqualification. | The conduct forming grounds for disqualification are not isolated instances. Instead, they reflect a pertinent part of the fraud that is preeminent in the proceeding of the case. Notably, the facts show how the judge participated in curtailing Plaintiff’s rights by: erroneously terming Plaintiff’s motion(s) frivolous; failing to acknowledge that Plaintiff’s motion was in compliance with applicable law; erroneously holding that Plaintiff was correctly termed a vexatious litigant; erroneously stating that the case was already disposed yet the docket showed upcoming hearings; threatening to fine Plaintiff if she continued exercising her constitutional right to seek justice; failing to sanction Defendant for abuse of the discovery process; denying Plaintiff her right to a fair trial, when he sought to dismiss the case on a procedural technicality; failing to note that BRN illegally revoked Plaintiff’s license; failing to protect Plaintiff from Defendant’s frivolous conduct; covering up for Judge Kleifield’s blameworthy conduct; failing to acknowledge the fraud that was committed by Plaintiff’s former attorneys; and failing to note resulting damage of the ongoing fraud on Plaintiff. |
Miscellaneous Claims
The Second Statement alleges misconduct by Plaintiff’s prior counsel, defendant, defendant’s attorneys and other judicial officers. Such allegations are irrelevant to disqualification of the judge. |
Again, the judge repeats the statements he already made. It is evident that the judge’s reasoning is deficient, which is evidenced by the judge’s empty reliance on baseless points of fact. Plaintiff asserts that the allegations of misconduct by Plaintiff’s prior counsel, defendant, defendant’s attorneys, and judicial officers clearly shows how the interconnection of the facts. Further, the foregoing shows how Judge Small is acquiescing to the injustices that have been committed against Plaintiff. |
A judge has a duty to decide when not to be disqualified
A judge has both an ethical and statutory duty to decide cases where, as here, there are no for disqualification. Code Ju Ethics, canon 3B(8); Code Civ. Proc., § 170; Cal. Rules of Court, rule 10.608.) |
The judge is misstating the law. Cal. Code Civ. Proc. § 170.1 et seq already provides the grounds upon which a judge shall be disqualified. The wording used in the said law shows no place for the judge to exercise his option. Notably, the section provides in pertinent part that: “(a) A judge shall be disqualified if any one or more of the following are true:” Cal. Code Civ. Proc. § 170.1. The use of the word shall leaves no room for the judge to decide whether to disqualify or not. |
Conclusion
Since Plaintiff’s Second Statement is repetitive of Plaintiff’s prior statement, is based on untimely allegations, and does not state legal grounds for disqualification for cause, it is ordered stricken pursuant to Code of Civil Procedure section 170.4, subdivisions (b) and (c)(3). The Court vacates the May 24, 2023, hearing on Plaintiff’s Motion to Disqualify. |
Plaintiff has already demonstrated how her second statement is not repetitive.
It follows; this action by the judge amounts to an abuse of the Court’s discretion. “The appropriate test for abuse of discretion is whether the trial court exceeded the bounds of reason.” Shamblin v. Brattain, 44 Cal.3d 474, 478 (Cal. 1988). Clearly, the Court abused its discretion. |
Plaintiff is ordered to file no further statements of disqualification in this case raising legal or factual grounds set forth in the First or Second Statements unless and until she successfully files and prevails in a petition for writ of mandate pursuant to Code of Civil Procedure 170.3, subdivision (d) concerning these determinations of the question of disqualification. Violation of this order may result in the imposition of money sanctions pursuant to Code of Civil Procedure section 177.5.
The parties are reminded that the determination of the question of the disqualification is not an appealable order and may be reviewed only by a writ of mandate from the Court of Appeal sought within 10 days of written notice to the parties of the decision. (Code Civ. Proc., § 170.3, subd. (d).) |
This action by the judge violates plaintiff’s right to a fair hearing. The right to a fair hearing is a constitutionally protected right, which guarantees the right to be heard before an impartial court. |
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